{"id":7306,"date":"2025-10-16T05:08:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-15T23:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lawfultalks3.selfst.art\/hc-upholds-soldiers-rights-whatsapp-summons-declared-illegal\/"},"modified":"2026-07-21T17:35:31","modified_gmt":"2026-07-21T12:05:31","slug":"hc-upholds-soldiers-rights-whatsapp-summons-declared-illegal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lawfultalks3.selfst.art\/?p=7306","title":{"rendered":"HC Upholds Soldiers\u2019 Rights: WhatsApp Summons Declared Illegal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\">In a notable decision, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><strong>Justice Anoop Kumar Dhand<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"> of the <\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><strong>Rajasthan High Court<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"> ruled that serving summons to a soldier through WhatsApp does not constitute valid legal service. The Court stressed that in such matters, compliance with the special procedure prescribed under Order 31 Rule 5 of the General Rules (Civil &amp; Criminal), 2018, and Order V Rule 28 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) is mandatory, as these provisions specifically regulate the service of summons on Armed Forces personnel.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>Background:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">The matter arose from an ex-parte order passed by the Family Court at Karauli in a maintenance proceeding filed by the wife of the petitioner under Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The petitioner, serving as a sepoy in the Indian Army, was at the relevant time posted in a treacherous high-altitude operational area.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">The Family Court had issued summons to the petitioner on three separate occasions, but each attempt returned unserved. Subsequently, the Court resorted to sending the summons via WhatsApp, treating the message as sufficient service. Based on this, the Family Court proceeded ex-parte and directed the petitioner to pay a monthly maintenance of \u00e2\u201a\u00b912,000 to his wife.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">The petitioner challenged this order before the High Court, arguing that the Family Court had completely disregarded the mandatory procedure prescribed for serving summons on personnel of the Armed Forces.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">It was contended that the process of service should have been through the petitioner&rsquo;s Commanding Officer, allowing sufficient time for arrangements to relieve him from duty so that he could appear before the court.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">On the other hand, counsel for the respondent argued that the petitioner was duly informed of the proceedings through the WhatsApp communication and, despite having knowledge of the case, deliberately failed to appear. It was therefore contended that the Family Court had not erred in proceeding ex-parte.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>Court&rsquo;s Observation: <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">After examining the record and relevant provisions, the High Court reiterated that the law has created a <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>distinct and mandatory mechanism<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"> for serving summons upon members of the Armed Forces. The Court quoted:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">&ldquo;The Army, the Air Force and the Navy is collectively known as the Armed Forces which are highly organized and disciplined forces and are specially designed for carrying out battles, protecting the State from the threat of external forces and to conduct other special operations&hellip; Special procedures\/processes have been made by the Legislature for service of summons upon the members of the Armed Forces&hellip; when a case is filed against them in their personal capacity.&rdquo;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Justice Dhand emphasized that <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>Order 31 Rule 5 of the General Rules (Civil &amp; Criminal), 2018<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"> requires that the process for a soldier, sailor, or airman must be sent for service to his <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>Commanding Officer<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">, along with a copy retained by the concerned individual.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Likewise, <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>Order V Rule 28 CPC<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"> mandates that the court shall send the summons for service to the defendant&rsquo;s Commanding Officer. This process ensures adequate time for making necessary arrangements to relieve the personnel from their operational duties.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">The Court noted the certificate issued by the petitioner&rsquo;s Commanding Officer, which confirmed that he was posted in an operational area and could not have been relieved during the relevant period. The Family Court, despite this, failed to follow the statutory procedure and treated the WhatsApp message as sufficient service.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">In categorical terms, the High Court declared:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>&ldquo;Hence, under such circumstances, the service of summons upon the petitioner on his WhatsApp mobile number cannot be treated as sufficient in view of the mandate contained under Order 31 Rule 5 of the General Rules (Civil &amp; Criminal), 2018 and under Order V Rule 28 CPC.&rdquo;<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>Court Directions:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Holding that the Family Court&rsquo;s approach amounted to a <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>gross violation of the principles of natural justice<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">, the High Court <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><strong>set aside the ex-parte order<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"> and remitted the matter to the Family Court for fresh adjudication after affording due opportunity of hearing to both parties.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Furthermore, Justice Dhand directed that a copy of the judgment be circulated among all Judicial Officers and Family Court Judges across the State to ensure adherence to the prescribed legal process in similar matters.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \n \n \n <hr \/>\n \n <p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Case Title: <\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1OKFDDdEr8w8rrU1RnBz_LVVEoZYN8ZMT\/view?usp=sharing\" style=\"text-decoration-line:none\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#1155cc\">Deevan Singh v\/s. State of Rajasthan &amp; Anr. S.B. Criminal Revision Petition No. 104\/2025<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n \n \n \n <p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In a notable decision, Justice Anoop Kumar Dhand of the Rajasthan High Court ruled that serving summons to a soldier through WhatsApp does not constitute valid legal service. The Court stressed that in such matters, compliance with the special procedure prescribed under Order 31 Rule 5 of the General Rules (Civil &amp; Criminal), 2018, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":100,"featured_media":9528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-high-courts"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>HC Upholds Soldiers\u2019 Rights: WhatsApp Summons Declared Illegal - Lawful Talks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HC Upholds Soldiers\u2019 Rights: WhatsApp Summons Declared Illegal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In a notable decision, Justice Anoop Kumar Dhand of the Rajasthan High Court ruled that serving summons to a soldier through WhatsApp does not constitute valid legal service. 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